Zambian general election, 2021
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Presidential election | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 70.61% ( 14.16 pp) | |||||||||||||||||||
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National Assembly election | ||||||||||||||||||||
156 of the 167 seats in the National Assembly 85 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Zambia |
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Government |
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Legislature |
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General elections were held in Zambia on 12 August 2021 to elect the President and National Assembly. President-elect Hakainde Hichilema was declared the winner after when releasing the final results from 156 constituencies, defeating incumbent Edgar Lungu. Hichilema secured 2,810,777 votes while Lungu was in second place with 1,814,201 votes, out of 7 million registered voters
Electoral system
The President is elected via the two-round system. Of the 167 members of the National Assembly, 156 are elected by the first-past-the-post system in single-member constituencies, with a further eight appointed by the President and three others being ex officio members: the vice president, the Speaker and one deputy speaker elected from outside the National Assembly (while the second deputy speaker is chosen from the elected members of the house). The voting age is 18, whilst National Assembly candidates must be at least 21.
Candidates
A total of sixteen candidates registered to run for the presidency. The race is expected to be a close race between Edgar Lungu of the Patriotic Front and Hakainde Hichilema of the United Party for National Development. Both competed in the 2016 presidential elections, which Lungu won by a margin 50.35% to 47.63%.
Campaign
On 15 May 2021 Electoral Commission of Zambia chair Esau Chulu launched the start of the election campaign. However politicians were advised to minimise large crowd gatherings during campaign meetings due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The National Assembly was dissolved on 12 May by President Edgar Lungu to provide a level playing field in the campaign.However, Lungu remains in office as per constitutional requirements until the new president is elected.
Violence and virus cases rise
On 26 May Lungu launched his own campaign. He also directed the police service and Ministry of Health to ensure enforcement of the COVID-19 pandemic health regulations and guidelines without fear or favour. On 3 June, due to the rise in COVID 19 cases, the Electoral Commission suspended campaign rallies again to avoid large crowds. On 15 June the Electoral Commission banned the Patriotic Front and United Party for National Development from campaigning in Lusaka, Mpulungu, Namwala and Nakonde due to political violence. The Commission also banned all roadshows across the country to curb the transmission of COVID-19. On 1 August Lungu ordered the deployment of the military to help the police fight escalating political violence during the campaign.
Hakainde Hichilema blocked
On 28 July UPND Secretary General Batuke Imenda released a statement that the party was disappointed with government institutions being used by President Lungu to block UPND presidential candidate Hakainde Hichilema from campaigning. On 30 July Hichilema and his campaign team were prevented from entering Chipata and detained on the runway of Chipata Airport. Before Hichilema's arrival in Chipata, police had teargassed his supporters. On 3 August police in Mbala blocked Hichilema and his campaign team from entering the town, with police claiming that he needed a permit to enter.
Conduct
On 12 August during the election day several Twitter users went to the platfom to report that Social media and messaging apps, including Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp appeared to be shutdown in the country.But internet users are using VPN services to bypass the restrictions on WhatsApp and these other social media platforms. However Information and Broadcasting Services Permanent Secretary, Amos Malupenga, denied the reports, calling them “malicious.” He further went on "that the government would not tolerate abuse of the internet and if any mischief occurred, therefore the goverment, expects citizens to use the internet responsibly. But if some people choose to abuse the internet to mislead and misinform, the government will not hesitate to invoke relevant legal provisions to forestall any breakdown of law and order as the country passes through the election period,” Malupenga said. Despite his comment, social media sites are shut down and citizens have resorted to using VPNs.
Preliminary results
President
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
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| Hakainde Hichilema | United Party for National Development | 2,810,757 | 59.38 | |
| Edgar Lungu | Patriotic Front | 1,814,201 | 38.33 | |
| Harry Kalaba | Democratic Party | 24,879 | 0.53 | |
| Andyford Banda | People’s Alliance For Change | 19,804 | 0.42 | |
| Fred M'membe | Socialist Party | 16,379 | 0.35 | |
| Highvie Hamududu | Party of National Unity and Progress | 10,388 | 0.22 | |
| Chishala Kateka | New Heritage Party | 8,063 | 0.17 | |
| Charles Chanda | United Prosperous and Peaceful Zambia | 6,520 | 0.14 | |
| Lazarus Chisela | Zambians United For Sustainable Development | 5,229 | 0.11 | |
| Nevers Mumba | Movement for Multi-Party Democracy | 4,809 | 0.10 | |
| Enock Tonga | 3rd Liberation Movement | 3,088 | 0.07 | |
| Trevor Mwamba | United National Independence Party | 2,992 | 0.06 | |
| Sean Tembo | Patriots For Economic Progress | 1,798 | 0.04 | |
| Stephen Nyirenda | National Restoration Party | 1,766 | 0.04 | |
| Kasonde Mwenda | Economic Freedom Fighters | 1,331 | 0.03 | |
| Richard Silumbe | Leadership Movement | 1,283 | 0.03 | |
| Total | 4,733,287 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 4,733,287 | 97.43 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 124,906 | 2.57 | ||
| Total votes | 4,858,193 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 7,023,499 | 69.17 | ||
| Source: ECZ (155 out of 156 constituencies reporting) | ||||
Reactions
Domestic
- On 14 August Lungu the incumbent president declared the elections "not free and fair" pointing to the violence that happed in three provinces during election day when two members were murdered and supporters are in hiding he also added that the governing party polling agents were brutalized and chased from polling stations a situation that left the ruling party votes unprotected.
International
European Union: On 14 August the EU Chief observer published a Press Release only commenting on observation undertaken up until the 14th of August. Maria Arena the Chief observer Said the election was largely calm and well-administered despite long queues, which shows the devotion of Zambians to exercise their right to vote, however concerning the campaign, the Chief Observer noted that the campaigns took place in a highly competitive environment adding that selective application of laws and regulations, misuse of state resources and one-sided media reporting meant that a level playing field was not achieved.
References
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