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History of Zambia (1964–present): Difference between revisions
From Chalo Chatu, Zambia online encyclopedia
History of Zambia (1964–present) (view source)
Revision as of 15:20, 13 October 2016
, 13 October 2016→Chiluba: 1991- 2002
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In the 1991 elections Kaunda's party, UNIP, was left with less than one sixth of the seats in the national assembly. A massive majority (125 out of the 150 seats) was won by MMD, the [[Movement for Multiparty Democracy]]. The MMD candidate, the trades union leader [[Frederick Chiluba]], easily defeated Kaunda in the race for the presidency. The 1990s remain a time of great difficulty for Zambia. Copper suffers a further decline in value. Efforts to reform the bloated civil service inherited from Kaunda are painful and not entirely successful. And the MMD begins to lose its early reputation for a serious commitment to democracy and human rights. This was seen in particular in the continuing career of [[Kenneth Kaunda]], who makes it plain that he hopes to regain his presidency. Strenuous efforts where made to prevent his standing against Chiluba. | In the 1991 elections Kaunda's party, UNIP, was left with less than one sixth of the seats in the national assembly. A massive majority (125 out of the 150 seats) was won by MMD, the [[Movement for Multiparty Democracy]]. The MMD candidate, the trades union leader [[Frederick Chiluba]], easily defeated Kaunda in the race for the presidency. The 1990s remain a time of great difficulty for Zambia. Copper suffers a further decline in value. Efforts to reform the bloated civil service inherited from Kaunda are painful and not entirely successful. And the MMD begins to lose its early reputation for a serious commitment to democracy and human rights. This was seen in particular in the continuing career of [[Kenneth Kaunda]], who makes it plain that he hopes to regain his presidency. Strenuous efforts where made to prevent his standing against Chiluba. | ||
Before the [[Zambian general election,1996|1996 presidential election]] an amendment is added to the constitution requiring candidates to have parents who were native Zambians (Kaunda's were born in Malawi). In 1997 an opposition rally was fired on by police and Kaunda was slightly wounded. Later in the same year he is accused of having abetted an abortive military coup. He was placed under house arrest, but was released in June 1998 when all charges were withdrawn. In November 1999 Kaunda's son Wezi, prominent in UNIP, was assassinated (why or by whom is not known). Meanwhile in 1996 Chiluba is re- elected to the presidency for the second of the two consecutive terms allowed in the constitution. And the MMD increases its majority from 125 to 127 seats in the national assembly. | Before the [[Zambian general election, 1996|1996 presidential election]] an amendment is added to the constitution requiring candidates to have parents who were native Zambians (Kaunda's were born in Malawi). In 1997 an opposition rally was fired on by police and Kaunda was slightly wounded. Later in the same year he is accused of having abetted an abortive military coup. He was placed under house arrest, but was released in June 1998 when all charges were withdrawn. In November 1999 Kaunda's son Wezi, prominent in UNIP, was assassinated (why or by whom is not known). Meanwhile in 1996 Chiluba is re- elected to the presidency for the second of the two consecutive terms allowed in the constitution. And the MMD increases its majority from 125 to 127 seats in the national assembly. | ||
===Coups and emergencies=== | ===Coups and emergencies=== | ||
In 1993 the government-owned newspaper ''[[The Times of Zambia]]'' reported a story about a secret UNIP plan to take control of government by unconstitutional means, called the "Zero Operation Plan". The plan included industrial unrest, promotion of violence and organisations of mass protests. UNIP did not deny the existence of such a plan, but underlined that it was not a part of their official policy, but the views of extremists within the party. The government responded by declaring a [[state of emergency]] and putting 26 people into detention. Of these, seven, including Kenneth Kaunda's son [[Wezi Kaunda]] were charged with offences against the security of the state. The rest were released.<ref name="HRW">{{cite web | In 1993 the government-owned newspaper ''[[The Times of Zambia]]'' reported a story about a secret UNIP plan to take control of government by unconstitutional means, called the "Zero Operation Plan". The plan included industrial unrest, promotion of violence and organisations of mass protests. UNIP did not deny the existence of such a plan, but underlined that it was not a part of their official policy, but the views of extremists within the party. The government responded by declaring a [[state of emergency]] and putting 26 people into detention. Of these, seven, including Kenneth Kaunda's son [[Wezi Kaunda]] were charged with offences against the security of the state. The rest were released.<ref name="HRW">{{cite web | ||
