Lunda people: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Lunda Delimitation Commission-1908.jpg|thumb|The members of the [[Lunda delimitation commission]]; also Mme. Sarmento and [[George Grenfell|Mrs. Grenfell]]]]
[[File:Lunda Delimitation Commission-1908.jpg|thumb|The members of the Lunda delimitation commission; also Mme. Sarmento and Mrs. Grenfell]]


The '''Lunda''' (''Balunda'', ''Luunda'', ''Ruund'') originated in what is now the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] along the [[Kalanyi River]] and formed the [[Kingdom of Lunda]] in the 17th century under their ruler, [[Mwata Yamvo|Mwata Yamvo or Mwaant Yav]], with their capital at [[Musumba]].<ref name=JAP>[http://www.everyculture.com/Africa-Middle-East/Lunda.html Pritchett, James Anthony: "Lunda".] World Culture Encyclopedia. Retrieved 15 May 2007.</ref> From there they spread widely through [[Katanga (province)|Katanga]] and into Eastern [[Angola]], north-western [[Zambia]] (the [[Kanongesha-Lunda people|Kanongesha-Lunda]] and the [[Ishindi-Lunda people|Ishindi-Lunda]])<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200909030244.html, Allafrica.com], Mwati Yamv Preaches Peace At Lunda Lubanza Ceremony, 3 September 2009</ref> and the [[Luapula River|Luapula valley]] of Zambia (the [[Eastern Lunda|Eastern Lunda or Kazembe-Lunda]]).
The '''Lunda''' (''Balunda'', ''Luunda'', ''Ruund'') originated in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo along the Kalanyi River and formed the [[Kingdom of Lunda]] in the 17th century under their ruler, [[Mwata Yamvo|Mwata Yamvo or Mwaant Yav]], with their capital at [[Musumba]].<ref name=JAP>[http://www.everyculture.com/Africa-Middle-East/Lunda.html Pritchett, James Anthony: "Lunda".] World Culture Encyclopedia. Retrieved 15 May 2007.</ref>  


The Lunda were allied to the [[Luba people|Luba]], and their migrations and conquests spawned a number of  tribes such as the [[Balovale|Luvale]] of the upper [[Zambezi]] and the [[Kasanje people|Kasanje]] on the upper [[Kwango River]] of Angola. Today the Lunda people comprise hundreds of subgroups such as the Akosa, Imbangala and Ndembu, and number approximately 500,000 in Angola, 750,000 in the Congo, and 200,000 in Zambia. Most speak the Lunda language, [[Lunda language|Chilunda]], except for the Kazembe-Lunda who have adopted the [[Bemba language]] of their neighbours.<ref name=JAP/>
==Migration==
From there they spread widely through Katanga province and into Eastern Angola, [[North-Western|north-western]] [[Zambia]] (the [[Kanongesha-Lunda people|Kanongesha-Lunda]] and the [[Ishindi-Lunda people|Ishindi-Lunda]])<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200909030244.html, Allafrica.com], Mwati Yamv Preaches Peace At Lunda Lubanza Ceremony, 3 September 2009</ref> and the [[Luapula River|Luapula valley]] of Zambia (the [[Eastern Lunda|Eastern Lunda or Kazembe-Lunda]]).


The Lunda people's heartland was rich in the natural resources of rivers, lakes, forests and savannah. Its people were fishermen and farmers, and they prospered.  They grew [[maize]], [[millet]], [[yam (vegetable)|yams]], [[sorghum]], [[squash (plant)|squash]], [[bean]]s, [[sweet potato]]es, [[oil palm]]s and [[tobacco]]. Their traders came into contact with the [[Portugal|Portuguese]], and [[Arab]] and [[Swahili language|Swahili]] traders of [[East Africa]]. They played a large role in the slave and [[ivory trade]] that moved goods and people from central Africa to the coasts for export.
The Lunda were allied to the [[Luba people|Luba]], and their migrations and conquests spawned a number of tribes such as the [[Balovale|Luvale]] of the upper [[Zambezi]] and the [[Kasanje people|Kasanje]] on the upper Kwango River of Angola.  


The people of the Lunda Kingdom believed in [[Zombi (African deity)|Nzambi]] as a Supreme Creator of the world who created everything of existence on earth. Their religion did not address Nzambi directly, but through the spirits of their ancestors.
==Spread==
Today the Lunda people comprise hundreds of subgroups such as the Akosa, Imbangala and Ndembu, and number approximately 500,000 in Angola, 750,000 in the Congo, and 200,000 in Zambia. Most speak the Lunda language, [[Lunda language|Chilunda]], except for the Kazembe-Lunda who have adopted the [[Bemba language]] of their neighbours.<ref name=JAP/>
 
==Economic activities==
The Lunda people's heartland was rich in the natural resources of rivers, lakes, forests and savannah. Its people were fishermen and farmers, and they prospered.  They grew maize, millet, yam yams, sorghum, squash, beans, sweet potatoes, oil palms and tobacco.  Their traders came into contact with the Portuguese, and Arab and Swahili traders of East Africa. They played a large role in the slave and ivory trade that moved goods and people from central Africa to the coasts for export.
 
==Culture and beliefs==
The people of the Lunda Kingdom believed in ''[[Zombi (African deity)|Nzambi]]'' as a Supreme Creator of the world who created everything of existence on earth. Their religion did not address Nzambi directly, but through the spirits of their ancestors.


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
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{{Ethnic groups in Zambia}}
{{Ethnic groups in Zambia}}
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Zambia]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Zambia]]
[[Category:Culture and traditions of Zambia]]
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