Northern Rhodesia: Difference between revisions

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'''Northern Rhodesia''' was a [[protectorate]] in [[southern Africa|south central Africa]], formed in 1911 by [[Amalgamation (politics)|amalgamating]]<ref>Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1911, S.R.O. 1911 No. 438, p. 85.</ref> the two earlier protectorates of [[North-Western Rhodesia|Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia]]<ref>Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia Order in Council, 1899, S.E.O. 1901 No. 567 (as amended, S.R.O. Rev. 1904, V.)</ref> and [[North-Eastern Rhodesia]].<ref>North-Eastern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1900, S.R.O 1900 No. 89</ref><ref name="Colonial Law' 1966. P. 753">''Commonwealth and Colonial Law'' by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. P. 753</ref> It was initially administered, as were the two earlier protectorates, by the [[British South Africa Company]], (BSAC), a [[chartered company]] on behalf of the British government. From 1924 it was administered by the British government<ref name="Colonial Law' 1966. P. 753"/><ref name="Council 1924">Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1924, S.R.O. 1924 No. 324, S.RO. & S.I. Rev VIII, 154</ref> as a protectorate under similar conditions to other British-administered protectorates, and the special provisions required when it was administered by BSAC were terminated.
'''Northern Rhodesia''' was a [[protectorate]] in [[southern Africa|south central Africa]], formed in 1911 by [[Amalgamation (politics)|amalgamating]]<ref>Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1911, S.R.O. 1911 No. 438, p. 85.</ref> the two earlier protectorates of [[North-Western Rhodesia|Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia]]<ref>Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia Order in Council, 1899, S.E.O. 1901 No. 567 (as amended, S.R.O. Rev. 1904, V.)</ref> and [[North-Eastern Rhodesia]].<ref>North-Eastern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1900, S.R.O 1900 No. 89</ref><ref name="Colonial Law' 1966. P. 753">''Commonwealth and Colonial Law'' by Kenneth Roberts-Wray, London, Stevens, 1966. P. 753</ref> It was initially administered, as were the two earlier protectorates, by the [[British South Africa Company]], (BSAC), a [[chartered company]] on behalf of the British government. From 1924 it was administered by the British government<ref name="Colonial Law' 1966. P. 753"/><ref name="Council 1924">Northern Rhodesia Order in Council, 1924, S.R.O. 1924 No. 324, S.RO. & S.I. Rev VIII, 154</ref> as a protectorate under similar conditions to other British-administered protectorates, and the special provisions required when it was administered by BSAC were terminated.


Although under the BSAC charter it had features of a [[charter colony]], the BSAC's treaties with local rulers and British legislation gave it the status of a protectorate. The territory attracted a relatively small number of European settlers, but from the time these first secured political representation, they agitated for white minority rule, either as a separate entity or associated with [[Southern Rhodesia]] and possibly [[Nyasaland]]. The mineral wealth of Northern Rhodesia made full amalgamation attractive to Southern Rhodesian politicians, but the British government preferred a looser association to include Nyasaland. This was intended to protect Africans in Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland from discriminatory Southern Rhodesian laws. The [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]] formed in 1953 was intensely unpopular among the African majority and its formation hastened calls for majority rule. As a result of this pressure, the country became independent in 1964 as [[Zambia]].<ref>Zambia Independence Act, 1964 (c. 65)</ref>
Although under the BSAC charter it had features of a [[charter colony]], the BSAC's treaties with local rulers and British legislation gave it the status of a protectorate. The territory attracted a relatively small number of European settlers, but from the time these first secured political representation, they agitated for white minority rule, either as a separate entity or associated with [[Southern Rhodesia]] and possibly Nyasaland. The mineral wealth of Northern Rhodesia made full amalgamation attractive to Southern Rhodesian politicians, but the British government preferred a looser association to include Nyasaland. This was intended to protect Africans in Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland from discriminatory Southern Rhodesian laws. The [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]] formed in 1953 was intensely unpopular among the African majority and its formation hastened calls for majority rule. As a result of this pressure, the country became independent in 1964 as [[Zambia]].<ref>Zambia Independence Act, 1964 (c. 65)</ref>


The geographical, as opposed to political, term "[[Rhodesia (name)|Rhodesia]]" referred to a region generally comprising the areas that are today [[Zambia]] and [[Zimbabwe]].<ref name="M-W">{{cite web|url=http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/rhodesia|title=Merriam-Webster online dictionary}}</ref> From 1964 it only referred to the former [[Southern Rhodesia]].
The geographical, as opposed to political, term "[[Rhodesia (name)|Rhodesia]]" referred to a region generally comprising the areas that are today [[Zambia]] and [[Zimbabwe]].<ref name="M-W">{{cite web|url=http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/rhodesia|title=Merriam-Webster online dictionary}}</ref> From 1964 it only referred to the former [[Southern Rhodesia]].
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