Zambia National Service: Difference between revisions

Established in 1963 by the [[United National Independence Party]]<ref name=":0" /> as a youth wing of the independence movement, known as the Land Army<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Country report and updates:|url=https://wri-irg.org/en/programmes/world_survey/country_report/en/Zambia|access-date=2021-10-28|website=War Resisters' International|language=en}}</ref> which was set to be used as a military option in an event that independence negotiations on the round table failed. As of October 24, 1964, after the peaceful acquisition of independence, the Land Army had was demobilized. On December 20, 1971 through an Act of Parliament a more militant ZNS was born.<ref>{{Cite web|last=TEMBO|first=BENEDICT|title=Evolution of ZNS: Mass movement to productive force|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/evolution-of-zns-mass-movement-to-productive-force/|url-status=live|access-date=December 21, 2018|website=daily-mail.co.zm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Zambia National Service Act {{!}} National Assembly of Zambia|url=https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/864|access-date=2021-10-27|website=www.parliament.gov.zm}}</ref> With Zambia's position in the [[Anti-Apartheid Movement|anti-apartheid struggle]] in [[South Africa]], a military training component became part of the ZNS. In 1974 military training became compulsory for form five school leavers, university graduates and government officials.<ref name=":1" /> In 1980 the compulsory training for form five school leavers was stopped.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zambia : ZNS mandatory skills training to start with 2013 Grade 12 school leavers|url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2012/10/29/zns-mandatory-skills-training-start-2013-grade-12-school-leavers/|access-date=2021-10-27|language=en-GB}}</ref>

* Direction, coordination and conduct of all military operations