Timeline of Zambia: Difference between revisions

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This page contains a chronological timeline of some of the key events that happened in [[Zambia]]n history.
This page contains a chronological timeline of some of the key events that happened in [[Zambia]]n history.


==12th Century==


*Shona people arrive in the area, later establishing the empire of the [[Mwene Mutapa]], which includes southern [[Zambia]].
==2016 - 2020==
*'''2016 Apr''' - Rioting and looting following accusations that Rwandans who have fled to [[Zambia]] have been involved in ritual killings. President Lungu speaks of his country's collective shame over mob attacks on foreigners.
*'''2016 June''' - Zambia's first ever online encyclopedia was launched [[Chalo Chatu]]
*'''2016 Jul''' - The [[National Heritage Conservation Commission]] excavates a skeleton believed to have been a woman who lived between 700 AD and 1100 AD at [[Ingombe Illede National Monument]].
*'''2016 Jul 28''' - Ballot papers for the [[Zambian general election, 2016|August 11 elections]] arrive in the country from Dubai where they were being printed. Political party representatives, civil society organisations and the media were present to witness the arrival.
*'''2016 Jul 28''' - President [[Edgar Lungu]] commissions [[Robert Makasa University]] in [[Chinsali]], [[Muchinga Province]].
*'''2016 Aug 15''' - President [[Edgar Lungu]] is announced as president-elect after the [[Zambian general election, 2016|August 11 elections]]
*'''2016 Aug 19''' - [[Hakainde Hichilema]], [[UPND]] President & running mate [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]]  filed a [[2016 Zambian presidential election petition|a presidential election petition]] against President-Elect [[Edgar Lungu]], [[PF]] President & running mate [[Inonge Wina]].
*'''2017 Feb 3''' - Singer [[Joe Chibangu]] dies at his home in [[Lusaka]].
*'''2017 March 12'''- [[Zambia national under-20 football team|Zambia U20]] win the [[2017 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations |U20 Africa Cup]] for the first time in history.
*'''2017 July 4'''- [[Lusaka City Market]] is [[ 2017 Lusaka City market fire |burnt]]
* '''2017 Oct 6''' The [[Minister of Health]] declared an [[2017-18 Zambia cholera outbreak|outbreak of cholera]]  in the [[Lusaka|capital city]].
* '''2018 July 12''' [[Mufulira]]’s [[Buteko Market]] [[2018 Buteko Market fire|gutted]]
* '''2018 July 12''' [[Comesa market]] in [[Lusaka]] second class trading area has gone up in [[2018 Comesa market fire|flames]]


==16th Century==
==2011 - 2015==
 
*'''2011 Jan''' - Deadly clashes between police and demonstrators agitating for secession of western Zambia, known as [[Barotseland]].
*Arrival of peoples from Luba and Lunda empires of Zaire to set up small kingdoms.
*'''2011 Jun 18''' - Former president [[Frederick Chiluba]] (68) dies.
 
*'''2011 Aug 9''' - The [[High Court of Zambia]] dismissed a bid by the main opposition to block President Rupiah Banda from contesting polls next month over claims that he had lied about his parents' nationality.
==18th Century==
*'''2011 Sep 20''' - Zambia held [[Zambian general election, 2011|elections for a president]], 150 lawmakers and over 1,000 municipal councilors. Incumbent president [[Rupiah Banda]] was in a close race with populist rival [[Michael Sata]]. [[Zambian general election, 2011|Elections]] results on Sep 23 said Michael Sata won with 1,150,045 votes, or 43% of the total, to 961,796 votes, or 36.1% for incumbent Rupiah Banda.
 
*'''2011 Sep 25''' - New president [[Michael Sata]] says his government would follow the tenets of the 10 Biblical Commandments.
*Portuguese explorers visit.
*'''2011 Oct 1''' - [[Michael Sata]] appoints [[Rosewin Wandi]] as Director General of the [[Anti-Corruption Commission]] (ACC).
 
*'''2011 Oct 4''' - Zambia announced that it has halted all metal exports, in a move to ensure that mining firms accurately report their sales. New rules on metal exports should be ready by October 16. The ban was lifted on Oct 6 as it would take too long for new rules to be drawn up.
==19th Century==
*'''2011 Oct 14''' - Malawi agrees to allow back into the country new Zambian President [[Michael Sata]], who had been deported four years ago while still head of the Zambian opposition.  
 
*'''2011 Oct 20''' - [[Zambia]], Africa's biggest copper producer, said it has suspended the renewal and issue of new mining licenses and would undertake an audit of the sector.
*Instability generated by migration as well as slave-trading by Portuguese and Arabs.
*'''2011''' - Zambia’s population numbered about 13 million people.
 
*'''2012 Feb 3''' - Corruption investigators arrested a former minister on theft charges and recorded a statement from ex-president [[Rupiah Banda]]'s wife in another probe. Mines minister [[Maxwell Mwale]] was arrested and charged over the theft of 20 bicycles belonging to small-scale miners. The bicycles were worth K5,500 Kwacha (1,050 dollars, 800 euros) in total.
==1800 - 1899==
*'''2012 May 31''' - Investigators arrest [[Andrew Banda]], the oldest son of former president [[Rupiah Banda]], for corruption and possessing assets bought with "dirty money".
 
*'''2012 Aug''' - Chinese mine manager killed during pay protest.
*'''1851''' - British missionary David Livingstone visits.
*'''2012 Aug 13''' - Opposition leader, [[Hakainde Hichilema]], is arrested and charged with publishing false information after he claimed on June 11 that ruling party youth were being trained by Sudanese militia.
*'''1855''' - [[David Livingstone]], English physician and explorer, first saw the 328-foot waterfall on the Zambezi River. Livingstone named the falls, which straddled the [[Zambia]] and Zimbabwe border, [[Victoria Falls]]. The local name is [[Musi-oa-Tunya]] (the smoke that thunders).
*'''2013 Feb''' - The government takes over the Chinese-owned [[Collum Coal Mine]] after revoking its licence because of safety lapses.
*'''1873 May 1''': [[David Livingstone]] (60), British physician, explorer, died in [[Chitambo]], [[Zambia]]. His body passed through Zanzibar for a funeral in London in Apr 18, 1874.
*'''2013 Feb 7''' - A [[Zambia Postal Services]] bus carrying passengers toward its capital Lusaka, smashes into a semi-truck and another car killing at least 53 people in one of the worst traffic crashes in the nation in recent history.
*'''1889''' - Britain establishes control over [[Northern Rhodesia]], administering the area using a system of indirect rule which leaves power in the hands of local rulers.
*''2013 Mar 25''' - Former president, [[Rupiah Banda]] (76), is arrested by police for alleged abuse of authority and corruption, shortly after being stripped of immunity. He was released on bail of Kwacha 500,000 ($100,000) and ordered to turn in his passport.
*'''1891 Jun 11''': Portugal assigned [[Barotseland]], now in Zambia, to Britain, and Nyasaland becomes a British protectorate.
*'''2013 Nov 1''' - Dozens of Zambian separatists appeared in court on charges of treason for trying to create a new state called [[Barotseland]] in the west of the country. A total of 84 defendants, mostly from the [[Lozi people|Lozi tribe]], were rounded up in a recent crackdown on those protesting for Barotseland.
 
*'''2013 Dec 23''' - Defense minister [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]] resigns.
==1900 - 1960==
*'''2013 Dec 24''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] becomes  Minister of Defence after [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]] resigned from his ministerial post.
 
*'''2014 Jan 6''' - Police arrest and charged opposition leader [[Frank Bwalya]] with defamation, after he referred to President [[Michael Sata]], in a radio interview, as "Chumbu Mushololwa." The Bemba term literally refers to a sweet potato that breaks when it is bent and is used to describe someone who does not heed advice.
*'''1905''' - [[Cecil Rhodes]] brought about the construction of a 650 foot iron bridge to connect Zambia and Zimbabwe near [[Victoria Falls]].
*'''2014 Feb''': Nationwide strike after tax hike and public sector wage freeze prohibited salary increases and new hires.
*'''1911''' - North-Eastern Rhodesia and North-Western Rhodesia, administered as separate units, were merged to form the British Colony of [[Northern Rhodesia]] (Later [[Zambia]]).
*'''2014 Mar 21''' - Zambia scraps restrictions on the use of dollars and other foreign currencies as it tried to halt the slide in its currency, which has lost nearly a fifth of its value in recent months.
*'''1920s''' - Discovery of copper, which later encourages an influx of European technicians and administrators.
*'''2014 May 23''' - Ranger [[Dexter Chilunda]] is killed while investigating reports of gunshots in [[Liuwa Plain National Park]]. Two suspected poachers were arrested on June 1.
*'''1920''' - First plane flys over [[Lusaka]] air space.  
*'''2014 Jun''' - President [[Michael Sata|Sata]] goes to Israeli on a ''working holiday" amid rumours about his health.
*'''1921''' - Skull of [[Broken Hill Man]] is discovered in [[Kabwe]].
*'''2014 Oct 24''' - At least 26 people died, most of them children, when a ferry capsized on [[Lake Kariba]].
*'''1929''' - The [[Football Association of Zambia]] is founded.
*'''2014 Oct 28''' - President [[Michael Sata|Sata]] (77) dies in a London hospital.
*'''1935''' - [[Lusaka]] becomes the capital city of [[Zambia]] (then [[Northern Rhodesia]]}
*'''2014 Oct 29''' - [[Guy Scott]] becomes Africa's first white head of state in 20 years after president [[Michael Sata]]'s death.
*'''1950-1959''': Zambia’s [[Chibuku Beer]] was developed in the 1950s by Max Heinrich, a German brewer. He ramped the indigenous home-brew to a commercial scale. In 1999, after passing through many hands, it was acquired by SABMiller and branded as [[Chibuku Shake Shake]].
*'''2014 Nov 21''' - Ruling [[Patriotic Front]] said it has suspended President [[Guy Scott]] as acting head of the party for "unconstitutional conduct", in the latest twist of a bitter power struggle ahead of a January election.
*'''1953''' - Creation of the [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]], comprising [[Northern Rhodesia]], Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Nyasaland (now Malawi).
*'''2015 Jan 20''' - Zambia holds [[Zambian presidential election, 2015|presidential elections]]. The winner of the election will serve out the remainder of late President [[Michael Sata]]’s term until elections next year. Patriotic Front candidate [[Edgar Lungu]] (58) received 48.3 percent of the vote, while [[Hakainde Hichilema]] (52) of the [[United Party for National Development]] came in second with 46.7 percent after votes were tallied from all [[List of Zambian parliamentary constituencies|150 constituencies]].
*'''1957''' - [[Alice Lenshina]] founded and led the [[Lumpa Church]] in [[Chinsali]], a religious sect that embraced a mixture of Christian and native beliefs and rituals.
*'''2015 Jan 24''' - Opposition leader [[Hakainde Hichilema]] holds a briefing in which he described the Jan 20 election as a sham.
*'''1959 October''': [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) is formed as a successor to the [[Zambian African National Congress]] (ZANC), which had been banned earlier in the year.
*'''2015 Jan 25''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] is [[President Edgar Lungu’s inauguration ceremony, 25 January 2015|inaugurated as the country’s new president]] after being declared the winner of [[Zambian presidential election, 2015|Zambia's Jan 20 presidential election]].
*'''1960''' - [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) formed by [[Kenneth Kaunda]] to campaign for independence and dissolution of federation dominated by white-ruled Southern Rhodesia.
*'''2015 Mar''' - President [[Edgar Lungu|Lungu]] has surgery in South Africa. He collapsed at an event the month before.
*'''1960 May 17''' - The [[Kariba Dam]] is opened.
*'''2015 Apr 6''' - 17 people are killed when a light truck they were in hit a shop before turning over in [[Mazabuka]].
*'''1960 Aug 25''' - [[Lusaka]] gains city status.
*'''2015 Apr 20''' - [[Zambia]] slashes by more than half a controversial mineral royalty tax after investors threatened to pull out of the copper-rich country.
 
*'''2015 Jul 16''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] commutes the death sentences of 332 prisoners to life in prison and condemned the massive overcrowding at the [[Mukobeko Prison]], calling it "an affront to basic human dignity".
==1961 - 1970==
* ''' 2015 Oct 20 ''' - 18 October declared as [[ National Day of Prayer|
 
the day of national prayers, peace and reconciliation]].
*'''1961 Sep 18''': Dag Hammarskjold, Secretary-General of the UN, was killed in a plane crash in [[Northern Rhodesia]] (now [[Zambia]]). He was flying to negotiate a cease-fire in the Congo. Hammarskjold was the son of a former Swedish prime minister. In 1953, he was elected to the top UN post and in 1957 was reelected. During his second term, he initiated and directed the United Nation's vigorous role in the Belgian Congo. Hammarskjold had sent Conor O’Brien (1919-2008), an Irish diplomat, to the Congo where a rebellion was openly being backed by Belgium and secretly by Britain and France. O’Brien ordered in UN troops, but the mission ended in disarray and the UN repudiated the mission. O’Brien recounted his version of the events in his book “To Katanga and Back" (1962).
*'''1963''': [[Northern Rhodesia]] (later [[Zambia]]) ended the [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation]] with Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland.
*'''1964 Oct 24''' - [[Zambia]] gains independence from Britain.  President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and his [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) ran the country until 1991.  
*'''1964 Dec 24''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]]'s [[Chilenje House 394]] is achieved as a national monument.
*'''1967 Sep''': - The government delegations of China, Tanzania and [[Zambia]] held talks in Beijing and formally signed the "Agreement of the Government of the People's Republic of China, the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Government of the Republic of [[Zambia]] on the Construction of the [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA)".
*'''1969''' - [[Emmanuel Milingo]] (39) was named archbishop of [[Lusaka]].
*'''1969''' - [[Chipata|Fort Jameson]], the capital of the [[Eastern Province]], was renamed [[Chipata]].
*'''1970 Jan''' - [[Zambia]] had acquired majority holding in the Zambian operations of the two major foreign mining interests, the Anglo American Corporation and the Rhodesian Selection Trust (RST). The two became [[Nchanga Consolidated Copper Mines]] (NCCM) and [[Roan Consolidated Mines]] (RCM).
*'''1969 Sep''' - [[James John Skinner]] resigns as Chief Justice of [[Zambia]] following a clash with President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] over the sentencing of Portuguese soldiers from neighbouring Angola caught in Zambia.
*'''1970 Oct''' - China began construction of the 1,870 km (1,160 miles) [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA) between [[Lusaka]] and the Tanzanian port of Dar es Salaam. China brought in its own workers for the project, which in 1976 finished ahead of schedule.
 
==1971 - 1980==
 
*'''1972''' - Zambia becomes a one-party state, with [[United Party for National Development|UNIP]] as the only legal party.
*'''1972''' - [[Zamrock]] (Zambian rock) music genre is started.
*'''1972''' - [[The W.I.T.C.H.]] release their first [[Zamrock]] album, [[Introduction (1972 album)|Introduction]].
*'''1972 Dec''' - Rev [[Paul Mushindo]] is killed in a hit and run road accident when he was cycling from an evangelisation trip back to [[Malashi]].
*'''1973 Jun 27''' - The new constitution dubbed the [[Choma Declaration]] is signed in [[Choma]].
*'''1973 Aug 25''' - Zambia adopted a constitution.
*'''1975''' - [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA) opened, providing a link between the Copperbelt to the Tanzanian port of Dar es Salaam, reducing Zambian dependence on Rhodesia and South Africa for its exports.
*'''1975 May 27''': President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] names [[Elijah Mudenda]] as the Prime Minister after [[Mainza Chona]] resigned.
*'''1976''' - [[Zambia]] declares support for the independence struggle in Rhodesia. Zambian help proves crucial to the transition of Rhodesia to an independent Zimbabwe.
*'''1976 Jul''' - China completed the construction of a railway between Tanzania and [[Zambia]].
*'''1980 Apr 1''' - The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) was established by 9 countries with the [[Lusaka Declaration]] (Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, [[Zambia]], Zimbabwe). The main aim was coordinating development projects in order to lessen economic dependence on apartheid South Africa.  On August 17, 1992, it was transformed into SADC. By 2008 it included 15 members.
 
==1981 - 1990==
 
*'''1982''' - [[Lusaka]] Archbishop [[Emmanuel Milingo]] resigned under pressure for his faith healings and exorcisms. He was brought to Rome as a functionary and retired in 2000. In 2001 he (71) married Marie Sung (43) of South Korea in a New York City wedding conducted by the Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
*'''1990 Jun 27''' - [[1990 food riots|Food riots rock Zambia]]. The three-day unrest began after the government more than doubled the price of mealie meal as part of an economic reform program. About 27 people were killed and more than 100 wounded.
*'''1990 Jul 1''' - [[Mwamba Luchembe]] attempts to coup [[Kenneth Kaunda]]. Luchembe made his way into the [[Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation]] (ZNBC) radio studios where he announced that the [[Zambia Army]] had taken over Government and he cited food riots of the previous week as reasons for his action.
*'''1991''' - Multi-party constitution adopted. [[Movement for Multi-party Democracy]] (MMD) wins elections and its leader, [[Frederick Chiluba]], becomes president.
 
==1991 - 2000==
 
*'''1991''': [[Kenneth Kaunda]] was voted out of office. President [[Frederick Chiluba]] and the [[Movement for Multi-Party Democracy]] (MMD) won in the first multi-party elections.
*'''1991''' Xu Jianxue arrived in Zambia and began a civil-engineering and construction firm with his 4 brothers. Some 300 Chinese lived in Zambia at this time. By 2006 the number was estimated at 3,000.
*'''1993 Apr 27''' - The [[Zambia national football team]] perishes in the [[1993 Zambia national football team air disaster|1993 air crash disaster in Gabon]] as the team was flying to the FIFA World Cup Qualifier against Senegal in Dakar. The crash left all on board dead.
*'''1994''' [[Francis Grogan]] and [[Carl Irwin]] founded [[Zambeef]] with a staff of 60 people. In 2013 the company employed 5,000.
*'''1996 May 21''' The government of [[Zambia]] adopted new constitutional amendments to prevent [[Kenneth Kaunda]] from running for president. The amendments require that candidates be at least second-generation Zambians. Kaunda is the son of immigrants from Malawi.
*'''1996 Jun 4''' Nine opposition politicians were charged with treason and masterminding the [[Black Mamba]] group.
*'''1996 Jun 16''' 15 soccer fans were crushed to death and 52 injured during a stampede after [[Zambia national football team|Zambia]] beat Sudan.
*'''1996 Nov 20''' [[Frederick Chiluba]] and his [[Movement for Multiparty Democracy]] (MMD) won re-election. Former president [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and his [[United National Independent Party]] (UNIP boycotted because he was declared ineligible to run.
*'''1997''' - UN definition 9% of the children were orphans due to AIDS.
*'''1997 Aug 24''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]] accused [[Frederick Chiluba]]  of trying to kill him after he was wounded by riot police during a protest rally.
*'''1997 Oct 28''' - [[Captain Solo]] (Steven Lungu) attempts [[1997 coup d'état attempt|a coup]] against President [[Frederick Chiluba]]. Scores of people, mostly soldiers, were later arrested and a state of emergency imposed.
*'''1997 Dec 25''' - Former president [[Kenneth Kaunda]] was confined to prison on suspicion of being linked to the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|Oct 28 coup attempt]].
*'''1997 Dec 31''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]] (73) was released from prison and placed under house arrest.
*'''1997 Dec 31''' - A team of 50 Zambian and South African doctors led by American neurosurgeon, Dr Ben Carson, successfully separate [[Zambia]]n conjoined twins, [[Joseph and Luka Banda]].
*'''1998 Jan 10''' A court filing accused [[Kenneth Kaunda]] of paying army officers $270 to stage an October coup, promising another $13,300 if the insurrection was successful.
*'''1998 Jan 14''' Two officers told a court in [[Lusaka]] that they were tortured into accusing [[Kenneth Kaunda]] of plotting a failed coup.
*'''1998 Mar 17''' The state of emergency imposed after the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|October 1997 coup attempt]] was lifted.
*'''1998 Jun 1''' Zambia dropped charges against former President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and released him after Kaunda pledged to retire.
*'''1998''' Celtel began mobile phone operations in [[Zambia]]. In 2003 it expanded to rural areas and the service became a cheap way to transfer money.
*'''1999''' - The [[High Court]] sentences 59 soldiers to death after they are found guilty of treason for the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|failed coup attempt in 1997]].
*'''1999 Feb 28''' A bomb exploded at the Angolan Embassy and 4 other locations in [[Lusaka]].
*'''1999 Mar 31''' The high court declared former leader [[Kenneth Kaunda]],  born to Malawian missionaries, a non-citizen.
*'''1999 Nov 3'''  [[Wazi Kaunda]] (47), the son of [[Kenneth Kaunda]], is shot and killed by 4 gunmen at his front gate in [[Lusaka]]. Kaunda was a senior official in the opposition [[United National Independence Party]].
*'''2000 Mar 10''' Over 12,000 people lost their homes when the spillways of [[Kariba Dam]] in southern [[Siavonga]] were opened to relieve pressure.
*'''2000 May''' - Fighting between Angolan forces and UNITA rebels spills over into [[Zambia]]n territory.
*'''2000 July''' - Environment Minister [[Ben Mwila]] expelled from the MMD and dropped from the cabinet after announcing his intention to run for [[Zambian general election, 2001|president in 2001]].
*'''2000 Dec 4''' UN officials estimate that up to 60,000 refugees fleeing fighting in the Democratic Republic of Congo move to [[Zambia in less than a week]].
*'''2000''' - [[Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines]] (ZCCM), a state owned monopoly, was privatized after 4 years of negotiations.


==2001 - 2010==
==2001 - 2010==
Line 172: Line 122:
*'''2010 Oct 17''' - [[Zambia Police]] said managers at a Chinese-run coal mine who shot at workers protesting poor working conditions will be charged with attempted murder. 12 workers at [[Collum Coal Mine]] in the southern town of [[Sinazongwe]] were injured a day earlier when mainly Chinese managers fired randomly at the protesting workers.
*'''2010 Oct 17''' - [[Zambia Police]] said managers at a Chinese-run coal mine who shot at workers protesting poor working conditions will be charged with attempted murder. 12 workers at [[Collum Coal Mine]] in the southern town of [[Sinazongwe]] were injured a day earlier when mainly Chinese managers fired randomly at the protesting workers.


==2011 - 2015==
==1991 - 2000==
*'''2011 Jan''' - Deadly clashes between police and demonstrators agitating for secession of western Zambia, known as [[Barotseland]].
 
*'''2011 Jun 18''' - Former president [[Frederick Chiluba]] (68) dies.
*'''1991''': [[Kenneth Kaunda]] was voted out of office. President [[Frederick Chiluba]] and the [[Movement for Multi-Party Democracy]] (MMD) won in the first multi-party elections.
*'''2011 Aug 9''' - The [[High Court of Zambia]] dismissed a bid by the main opposition to block President Rupiah Banda from contesting polls next month over claims that he had lied about his parents' nationality.
*'''1991''' Xu Jianxue arrived in Zambia and began a civil-engineering and construction firm with his 4 brothers. Some 300 Chinese lived in Zambia at this time. By 2006 the number was estimated at 3,000.
*'''2011 Sep 20''' - Zambia held [[Zambian general election, 2011|elections for a president]], 150 lawmakers and over 1,000 municipal councilors. Incumbent president [[Rupiah Banda]] was in a close race with populist rival [[Michael Sata]]. [[Zambian general election, 2011|Elections]] results on Sep 23 said Michael Sata won with 1,150,045 votes, or 43% of the total, to 961,796 votes, or 36.1% for incumbent Rupiah Banda.
*'''1993 Apr 27''' - The [[Zambia national football team]] perishes in the [[1993 Zambia national football team air disaster|1993 air crash disaster in Gabon]] as the team was flying to the FIFA World Cup Qualifier against Senegal in Dakar. The crash left all on board dead.
*'''2011 Sep 25''' - New president [[Michael Sata]] says his government would follow the tenets of the 10 Biblical Commandments.
*'''1994''' [[Francis Grogan]] and [[Carl Irwin]] founded [[Zambeef]] with a staff of 60 people. In 2013 the company employed 5,000.
*'''2011 Oct 1''' - [[Michael Sata]] appoints [[Rosewin Wandi]] as Director General of the [[Anti-Corruption Commission]] (ACC).
*'''1996 May 21''' The government of [[Zambia]] adopted new constitutional amendments to prevent [[Kenneth Kaunda]] from running for president. The amendments require that candidates be at least second-generation Zambians. Kaunda is the son of immigrants from Malawi.
*'''2011 Oct 4''' - Zambia announced that it has halted all metal exports, in a move to ensure that mining firms accurately report their sales. New rules on metal exports should be ready by October 16. The ban was lifted on Oct 6 as it would take too long for new rules to be drawn up.
*'''1996 Jun 4''' Nine opposition politicians were charged with treason and masterminding the [[Black Mamba]] group.
*'''2011 Oct 14''' - Malawi agrees to allow back into the country new Zambian President [[Michael Sata]], who had been deported four years ago while still head of the Zambian opposition.  
*'''1996 Jun 16''' 15 soccer fans were crushed to death and 52 injured during a stampede after [[Zambia national football team|Zambia]] beat Sudan.
*'''2011 Oct 20''' - [[Zambia]], Africa's biggest copper producer, said it has suspended the renewal and issue of new mining licenses and would undertake an audit of the sector.
*'''1996 Nov 20''' [[Frederick Chiluba]] and his [[Movement for Multiparty Democracy]] (MMD) won re-election. Former president [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and his [[United National Independent Party]] (UNIP boycotted because he was declared ineligible to run.  
*'''2011''' - Zambia’s population numbered about 13 million people.
*'''1997''' - UN definition 9% of the children were orphans due to AIDS.
*'''2012 Feb 3''' - Corruption investigators arrested a former minister on theft charges and recorded a statement from ex-president [[Rupiah Banda]]'s wife in another probe. Mines minister [[Maxwell Mwale]] was arrested and charged over the theft of 20 bicycles belonging to small-scale miners. The bicycles were worth K5,500 Kwacha (1,050 dollars, 800 euros) in total.
*'''1997 Aug 24''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]] accused [[Frederick Chiluba]]  of trying to kill him after he was wounded by riot police during a protest rally.
*'''2012 May 31''' - Investigators arrest [[Andrew Banda]], the oldest son of former president [[Rupiah Banda]], for corruption and possessing assets bought with "dirty money".
*'''1997 Oct 28''' - [[Captain Solo]] (Steven Lungu) attempts [[1997 coup d'état attempt|a coup]] against President [[Frederick Chiluba]]. Scores of people, mostly soldiers, were later arrested and a state of emergency imposed.
*'''2012 Aug''' - Chinese mine manager killed during pay protest.
*'''1997 Dec 25''' - Former president [[Kenneth Kaunda]] was confined to prison on suspicion of being linked to the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|Oct 28 coup attempt]].
*'''2012 Aug 13''' - Opposition leader, [[Hakainde Hichilema]], is arrested and charged with publishing false information after he claimed on June 11 that ruling party youth were being trained by Sudanese militia.
*'''1997 Dec 31''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]] (73) was released from prison and placed under house arrest.
*'''2013 Feb''' - The government takes over the Chinese-owned [[Collum Coal Mine]] after revoking its licence because of safety lapses.
*'''1997 Dec 31''' - A team of 50 Zambian and South African doctors led by American neurosurgeon, Dr Ben Carson, successfully separate [[Zambia]]n conjoined twins, [[Joseph and Luka Banda]].
*'''2013 Feb 7''' - A [[Zambia Postal Services]] bus carrying passengers toward its capital Lusaka, smashes into a semi-truck and another car killing at least 53 people in one of the worst traffic crashes in the nation in recent history.
*'''1998 Jan 10''' A court filing accused [[Kenneth Kaunda]] of paying army officers $270 to stage an October coup, promising another $13,300 if the insurrection was successful.
*''2013 Mar 25''' - Former president, [[Rupiah Banda]] (76), is arrested by police for alleged abuse of authority and corruption, shortly after being stripped of immunity. He was released on bail of Kwacha 500,000 ($100,000) and ordered to turn in his passport.
*'''1998 Jan 14''' Two officers told a court in [[Lusaka]] that they were tortured into accusing [[Kenneth Kaunda]] of plotting a failed coup.
*'''2013 Nov 1''' - Dozens of Zambian separatists appeared in court on charges of treason for trying to create a new state called [[Barotseland]] in the west of the country. A total of 84 defendants, mostly from the [[Lozi people|Lozi tribe]], were rounded up in a recent crackdown on those protesting for Barotseland.
*'''1998 Mar 17''' The state of emergency imposed after the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|October 1997 coup attempt]] was lifted.
*'''2013 Dec 23''' - Defense minister [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]] resigns.
*'''1998 Jun 1''' Zambia dropped charges against former President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and released him after Kaunda pledged to retire.
*'''2013 Dec 24''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] becomes  Minister of Defence after [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]] resigned from his ministerial post.
*'''1998''' Celtel began mobile phone operations in [[Zambia]]. In 2003 it expanded to rural areas and the service became a cheap way to transfer money.
*'''2014 Jan 6''' - Police arrest and charged opposition leader [[Frank Bwalya]] with defamation, after he referred to President [[Michael Sata]], in a radio interview, as "Chumbu Mushololwa." The Bemba term literally refers to a sweet potato that breaks when it is bent and is used to describe someone who does not heed advice.
*'''1999''' - The [[High Court]] sentences 59 soldiers to death after they are found guilty of treason for the [[1997 coup d'état attempt|failed coup attempt in 1997]].
*'''2014 Feb''': Nationwide strike after tax hike and public sector wage freeze prohibited salary increases and new hires.
*'''1999 Feb 28''' A bomb exploded at the Angolan Embassy and 4 other locations in [[Lusaka]].
*'''2014 Mar 21''' - Zambia scraps restrictions on the use of dollars and other foreign currencies as it tried to halt the slide in its currency, which has lost nearly a fifth of its value in recent months.
*'''1999 Mar 31''' The high court declared former leader [[Kenneth Kaunda]], born to Malawian missionaries, a non-citizen.  
*'''2014 May 23''' - Ranger [[Dexter Chilunda]] is killed while investigating reports of gunshots in [[Liuwa Plain National Park]]. Two suspected poachers were arrested on June 1.
*'''1999 Nov 3''' [[Wazi Kaunda]] (47), the son of [[Kenneth Kaunda]], is shot and killed by 4 gunmen at his front gate in [[Lusaka]]. Kaunda was a senior official in the opposition [[United National Independence Party]].
*'''2014 Jun''' - President [[Michael Sata|Sata]] goes to Israeli on a ''working holiday" amid rumours about his health.
*'''2000 Mar 10''' Over 12,000 people lost their homes when the spillways of [[Kariba Dam]] in southern [[Siavonga]] were opened to relieve pressure.
*'''2014 Oct 24''' - At least 26 people died, most of them children, when a ferry capsized on [[Lake Kariba]].
*'''2000 May''' - Fighting between Angolan forces and UNITA rebels spills over into [[Zambia]]n territory.
*'''2014 Oct 28''' - President [[Michael Sata|Sata]] (77) dies in a London hospital.
*'''2000 July''' - Environment Minister [[Ben Mwila]] expelled from the MMD and dropped from the cabinet after announcing his intention to run for [[Zambian general election, 2001|president in 2001]].
*'''2014 Oct 29''' - [[Guy Scott]] becomes Africa's first white head of state in 20 years after president [[Michael Sata]]'s death.
*'''2000 Dec 4''' UN officials estimate that up to 60,000 refugees fleeing fighting in the Democratic Republic of Congo move to [[Zambia in less than a week]].
*'''2014 Nov 21''' - Ruling [[Patriotic Front]] said it has suspended President [[Guy Scott]] as acting head of the party for "unconstitutional conduct", in the latest twist of a bitter power struggle ahead of a January election.
*'''2000''' - [[Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines]] (ZCCM), a state owned monopoly, was privatized after 4 years of negotiations.
*'''2015 Jan 20''' - Zambia holds [[Zambian presidential election, 2015|presidential elections]]. The winner of the election will serve out the remainder of late President [[Michael Sata]]’s term until elections next year. Patriotic Front candidate [[Edgar Lungu]] (58) received 48.3 percent of the vote, while [[Hakainde Hichilema]] (52) of the [[United Party for National Development]] came in second with 46.7 percent after votes were tallied from all [[List of Zambian parliamentary constituencies|150 constituencies]].
 
*'''2015 Jan 24''' - Opposition leader [[Hakainde Hichilema]] holds a briefing in which he described the Jan 20 election as a sham.
==1981 - 1990==
*'''2015 Jan 25''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] is [[President Edgar Lungu’s inauguration ceremony, 25 January 2015|inaugurated as the country’s new president]] after being declared the winner of [[Zambian presidential election, 2015|Zambia's Jan 20 presidential election]].
 
*'''2015 Mar''' - President [[Edgar Lungu|Lungu]] has surgery in South Africa. He collapsed at an event the month before.
*'''1982''' - [[Lusaka]] Archbishop [[Emmanuel Milingo]] resigned under pressure for his faith healings and exorcisms. He was brought to Rome as a functionary and retired in 2000. In 2001 he (71) married Marie Sung (43) of South Korea in a New York City wedding conducted by the Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
*'''2015 Apr 6''' - 17 people are killed when a light truck they were in hit a shop before turning over in [[Mazabuka]].
*'''1990 Jun 27''' - [[1990 food riots|Food riots rock Zambia]]. The three-day unrest began after the government more than doubled the price of mealie meal as part of an economic reform program. About 27 people were killed and more than 100 wounded.
*'''2015 Apr 20''' - [[Zambia]] slashes by more than half a controversial mineral royalty tax after investors threatened to pull out of the copper-rich country.
*'''1990 Jul 1''' - [[Mwamba Luchembe]] attempts to coup [[Kenneth Kaunda]]. Luchembe made his way into the [[Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation]] (ZNBC) radio studios where he announced that the [[Zambia Army]] had taken over Government and he cited food riots of the previous week as reasons for his action.
*'''2015 Jul 16''' - [[Edgar Lungu]] commutes the death sentences of 332 prisoners to life in prison and condemned the massive overcrowding at the [[Mukobeko Prison]], calling it "an affront to basic human dignity".
*'''1991''' - Multi-party constitution adopted. [[Movement for Multi-party Democracy]] (MMD) wins elections and its leader, [[Frederick Chiluba]], becomes president.
* ''' 2015 Oct 20 ''' - 18 October declared as [[ National Day of Prayer|
 
the day of national prayers, peace and reconciliation]].
==1971 - 1980==
 
*'''1972''' - Zambia becomes a one-party state, with [[United Party for National Development|UNIP]] as the only legal party.
*'''1972''' - [[Zamrock]] (Zambian rock) music genre is started.
*'''1972''' - [[The W.I.T.C.H.]] release their first [[Zamrock]] album, [[Introduction (1972 album)|Introduction]].
*'''1972 Dec''' - Rev [[Paul Mushindo]] is killed in a hit and run road accident when he was cycling from an evangelisation trip back to [[Malashi]].
*'''1973 Jun 27''' - The new constitution dubbed the [[Choma Declaration]] is signed in [[Choma]].
*'''1973 Aug 25''' - Zambia adopted a constitution.
*'''1975''' - [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA) opened, providing a link between the Copperbelt to the Tanzanian port of Dar es Salaam, reducing Zambian dependence on Rhodesia and South Africa for its exports.
*'''1975 May 27''': President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] names [[Elijah Mudenda]] as the Prime Minister after [[Mainza Chona]] resigned.
*'''1976''' - [[Zambia]] declares support for the independence struggle in Rhodesia. Zambian help proves crucial to the transition of Rhodesia to an independent Zimbabwe.
*'''1976 Jul''' - China completed the construction of a railway between Tanzania and [[Zambia]].
*'''1980 Apr 1''' - The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) was established by 9 countries with the [[Lusaka Declaration]] (Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, [[Zambia]], Zimbabwe). The main aim was coordinating development projects in order to lessen economic dependence on apartheid South Africa.  On August 17, 1992, it was transformed into SADC. By 2008 it included 15 members.
 
==1961 - 1970==
 
*'''1961 Sep 18''': Dag Hammarskjold, Secretary-General of the UN, was killed in a plane crash in [[Northern Rhodesia]] (now [[Zambia]]). He was flying to negotiate a cease-fire in the Congo. Hammarskjold was the son of a former Swedish prime minister. In 1953, he was elected to the top UN post and in 1957 was reelected. During his second term, he initiated and directed the United Nation's vigorous role in the Belgian Congo. Hammarskjold had sent Conor O’Brien (1919-2008), an Irish diplomat, to the Congo where a rebellion was openly being backed by Belgium and secretly by Britain and France. O’Brien ordered in UN troops, but the mission ended in disarray and the UN repudiated the mission. O’Brien recounted his version of the events in his book “To Katanga and Back" (1962).
*'''1963''': [[Northern Rhodesia]] (later [[Zambia]]) ended the [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland|Federation]] with Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland.
*'''1964 Oct 24''' - [[Zambia]] gains independence from Britain.  President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] and his [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) ran the country until 1991.
*'''1964 Dec 24''' - [[Kenneth Kaunda]]'s [[Chilenje House 394]] is achieved as a national monument.
*'''1967 Sep''': - The government delegations of China, Tanzania and [[Zambia]] held talks in Beijing and formally signed the "Agreement of the Government of the People's Republic of China, the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Government of the Republic of [[Zambia]] on the Construction of the [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA)".
*'''1969''' - [[Emmanuel Milingo]] (39) was named archbishop of [[Lusaka]].
*'''1969''' - [[Chipata|Fort Jameson]], the capital of the [[Eastern Province]], was renamed [[Chipata]].
*'''1970 Jan''' - [[Zambia]] had acquired majority holding in the Zambian operations of the two major foreign mining interests, the Anglo American Corporation and the Rhodesian Selection Trust (RST). The two became [[Nchanga Consolidated Copper Mines]] (NCCM) and [[Roan Consolidated Mines]] (RCM).
*'''1969 Sep''' - [[James John Skinner]] resigns as Chief Justice of [[Zambia]] following a clash with President [[Kenneth Kaunda]] over the sentencing of Portuguese soldiers from neighbouring Angola caught in Zambia.
*'''1970 Oct''' - China began construction of the 1,870 km (1,160 miles) [[Tanzania-Zambia Railway]] (TAZARA) between [[Lusaka]] and the Tanzanian port of Dar es Salaam. China brought in its own workers for the project, which in 1976 finished ahead of schedule.
 
==1900 - 1960==
 
*'''1905''' - [[Cecil Rhodes]] brought about the construction of a 650 foot iron bridge to connect Zambia and Zimbabwe near [[Victoria Falls]].
*'''1911''' - North-Eastern Rhodesia and North-Western Rhodesia, administered as separate units, were merged to form the British Colony of [[Northern Rhodesia]] (Later [[Zambia]]).
*'''1920s''' - Discovery of copper, which later encourages an influx of European technicians and administrators.
*'''1920''' - First plane flys over [[Lusaka]] air space.
*'''1921''' - Skull of [[Broken Hill Man]] is discovered in [[Kabwe]].
*'''1929''' - The [[Football Association of Zambia]] is founded.
*'''1935''' - [[Lusaka]] becomes the capital city of [[Zambia]] (then [[Northern Rhodesia]]}
*'''1950-1959''': Zambia’s [[Chibuku Beer]] was developed in the 1950s by Max Heinrich, a German brewer. He ramped the indigenous home-brew to a commercial scale. In 1999, after passing through many hands, it was acquired by SABMiller and branded as [[Chibuku Shake Shake]].
*'''1953''' - Creation of the [[Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]], comprising [[Northern Rhodesia]], Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Nyasaland (now Malawi).
*'''1957''' - [[Alice Lenshina]] founded and led the [[Lumpa Church]] in [[Chinsali]], a religious sect that embraced a mixture of Christian and native beliefs and rituals.
*'''1959 October''': [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) is formed as a successor to the [[Zambian African National Congress]] (ZANC), which had been banned earlier in the year.
*'''1960''' - [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) formed by [[Kenneth Kaunda]] to campaign for independence and dissolution of federation dominated by white-ruled Southern Rhodesia.
*'''1960 May 17''' - The [[Kariba Dam]] is opened.
*'''1960 Aug 25''' - [[Lusaka]] gains city status.
 
==1800 - 1899==
 
*'''1851''' - British missionary David Livingstone visits.
*'''1855''' - [[David Livingstone]], English physician and explorer, first saw the 328-foot waterfall on the Zambezi River. Livingstone named the falls, which straddled the [[Zambia]] and Zimbabwe border, [[Victoria Falls]]. The local name is [[Musi-oa-Tunya]] (the smoke that thunders).
*'''1873 May 1''': [[David Livingstone]] (60), British physician, explorer, died in [[Chitambo]], [[Zambia]]. His body passed through Zanzibar for a funeral in London in Apr 18, 1874.
*'''1889''' - Britain establishes control over [[Northern Rhodesia]], administering the area using a system of indirect rule which leaves power in the hands of local rulers.
*'''1891 Jun 11''': Portugal assigned [[Barotseland]], now in Zambia, to Britain, and Nyasaland becomes a British protectorate.
 
==19th Century==
 
*Instability generated by migration as well as slave-trading by Portuguese and Arabs.
 
==18th Century==
 
*Portuguese explorers visit.
 
==16th Century==
 
*Arrival of peoples from Luba and Lunda empires of Zaire to set up small kingdoms.
 
==12th Century==
 
*Shona people arrive in the area, later establishing the empire of the [[Mwene Mutapa]], which includes southern [[Zambia]].


==2016 - 2020==
*'''2016 Apr''' - Rioting and looting following accusations that Rwandans who have fled to [[Zambia]] have been involved in ritual killings. President Lungu speaks of his country's collective shame over mob attacks on foreigners.
*'''2016 June''' - Zambia's first ever online encyclopedia was launched [[Chalo Chatu]]
*'''2016 Jul''' - The [[National Heritage Conservation Commission]] excavates a skeleton believed to have been a woman who lived between 700 AD and 1100 AD at [[Ingombe Illede National Monument]].
*'''2016 Jul 28''' - Ballot papers for the [[Zambian general election, 2016|August 11 elections]] arrive in the country from Dubai where they were being printed. Political party representatives, civil society organisations and the media were present to witness the arrival.
*'''2016 Jul 28''' - President [[Edgar Lungu]] commissions [[Robert Makasa University]] in [[Chinsali]], [[Muchinga Province]].
*'''2016 Aug 15''' - President [[Edgar Lungu]] is announced as president-elect after the [[Zambian general election, 2016|August 11 elections]]
*'''2016 Aug 19''' - [[Hakainde Hichilema]], [[UPND]] President & running mate [[Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]]  filed a [[2016 Zambian presidential election petition|a presidential election petition]] against President-Elect [[Edgar Lungu]], [[PF]] President & running mate [[Inonge Wina]].
*'''2017 Feb 3''' - Singer [[Joe Chibangu]] dies at his home in [[Lusaka]].
*'''2017 March 12'''- [[Zambia national under-20 football team|Zambia U20]] win the [[2017 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations |U20 Africa Cup]] for the first time in history.
*'''2017 July 4'''- [[Lusaka City Market]] is [[ 2017 Lusaka City market fire |burnt]]
* '''2017 Oct 6''' The [[Minister of Health]] declared an [[2017-18 Zambia cholera outbreak|outbreak of cholera]]  in the [[Lusaka|capital city]].
* '''2018 July 12''' [[Mufulira]]’s [[Buteko Market]] [[2018 Buteko Market fire|gutted]]
* '''2018 July 12''' [[Comesa market]] in [[Lusaka]] second class trading area has gone up in [[2018 Comesa market fire|flames]]


==See also==
==See also==