Zambia Police Service: Difference between revisions

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The '''Zambia Police Service''' is the organisation concerned with maintaining the rule of law in [[Zambia]]. It is under the portfolio of the [[Minister of Home Affairs]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Zambia / Africa / Member countries / Internet / Home - INTERPOL|url=https://www.interpol.int/Member-countries/Africa/Zambia|access-date=18 April 2018|website=www.interpol.int}}</ref>
{{short description|National police force}}
{{Infobox Law enforcement agency
{{Infobox Law enforcement agency
| agencyname        = Zambia Police Service
| agencyname        = Zambia Police Service
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| map              = Zambia, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg
| map              = Zambia, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg
| sizearea          = {{convert|752,618|km2|sqmi}}
| sizearea          = {{convert|752,618|km2|sqmi}}
| sizepopulation    = 17,861,030
| sizepopulation    = 17,861,030<ref>{{cite web|title=Estimated Zambian Population 2020|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/zambia/|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook | access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|title=Estimated Zambian Population 2020|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/zambia/|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook | access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
| legaljuris        = [[Zambia]]
| legaljuris        = [[Zambia]]
| governingbody    = Ministry of Home Affairs
| governingbody    = Ministry of Home Affairs
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| police            = Yes
| police            = Yes
| speciality        =  
| speciality        =  
| overviewtype      = Civilian body
| oversighttype    = Civilian body
| overviewbody      = The Public Police Complaints Authority
| oversightbody    = The Public Police Complaints Authority
| headquarters      = Zambia Police Headquarters<br/>Government  Road<br/>LUSAKA
| headquarters      = Zambia Police Headquarters<br/>Government  Road<br/>LUSAKA
| hqlocmap          =  
| hqlocmap          =  
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| minister1pfo      =  
| minister1pfo      =  
| chief1name        = [[Inspector General of Police]]
| chief1name        = [[Inspector General of Police]]
| chief1position    = [[Kakoma Kanganja]]
| chief1position    = Mr [[Graphel Musamba]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kajova|first=Remmy|date=29 August 2021|title=President HH fires Kakoma Kanganja and appoints Remmy Kajoba as new Inspector General of Police|work=The Zambian Observer|url=https://www.zambianobserver.com/president-hh-fires-kakoma-kanganja-and-appoints-remmy-kajoba-as-new-inspector-general-of-police/}}</ref>
| parentagency      = [[Ministry of Home Affairs (Zambia)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| parentagency      = [[Ministry of Home Affairs (Zambia)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]
| child1agency      =  
| child1agency      =  
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| reference        =  
| reference        =  
}}
}}
'''Zambia Police Service (ZPS)''' is the national civilian law enforcement agency of [[Zambia]], operating under the [[Ministry of Home Affairs]]. It is constitutionally established by Article 193 of the 2016 Constitution and legislatively supported by the [[Zambia Police Act]], Chapter 107<ref>“About The Zambia Police Service,” official site, accessed 2025</ref>.


==History==
== History ==
On 24 October 1964 Northern Rhodesia gained independence and became the Republic of Zambia. [[Northern Rhodesia Police]] (NRP) became the Zambia Police. Lawson Hicks, the last Commissioner of the NRP became the first Commissioner of the Zambia Police. He was succeeded by [[Michael Mataka]] who had joined the NRP as a constable in 1941.
The ZPS traces its origin to the Northern Rhodesia Police, becoming the Zambia Police upon independence on 24 October 1964. The last Commissioner of Northern Rhodesia Police, Lawson Hicks, served as the first Commissioner of the newly formed Zambia Police. He was succeeded by [[Michael Mataka]], [[Zambia's first]] native Commissioner, who held the position from 1965 to 1970<ref name="list">Wikipedia: Zambia Police Service – Commissioners and IGs list</ref><ref name="mataka">Wikipedia: Michael Mataka</ref>.


==Police Ranks and Insignia==
== Commissioners and Inspectors-General ==
A chronological list of key leaders of the Zambia Police:


'''Commissioners of Police'''
*Lawson Hicks (1964–1965)
*[[Michael Mataka]] (1965–1970)
*[[Fabiano Chela]] (1970–1973)


{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
'''Inspectors-General of Police'''
|+
*[[Fabiano Chela]] (1973–1978; 1979–1983)
*[[Chrispin Katukula]] (1978–1979)
*[[Hebert Mapili]] (1983–1985)
*[[Henry Mtonga]] (1985–1989)
*[[Joshua Konayuma]] (1989–1990)
*[[Zunga Siakalima]] (1990–1991; 2003–2006)
*[[Darius Kalebo]] (1991–1994)
*[[Francis Ndlovu]] (1994–2000)
*[[Silas Ngangula]] (2000–2002)
*[[Francis Musonda]] (2002–2003)
*[[Ephraim Mateyo]] (2006–2008)
*[[Francis Kabonde]] (2008–2011)
*Dr [[Martin Malama]] (2011–2012)
*[[Stella Libongani]] (2012–2016) – first female IG<ref>Wikipedia: Inspector General of Police (Zambia)</ref>
*[[Kakoma Kanganja]] (2016–2021)
*[[Remmy Kajoba]] (2021–2023)<ref>Wikipedia: Inspector General of Police (Zambia)</ref>
*[[Graphel Musamba]] (2023–present)<ref>Wikipedia: Inspector General of Police (Zambia)</ref>


== Mandate & Structure ==
ZPS is mandated to protect life and property, maintain peace and public order, prevent and detect crime, uphold the Bill of Rights, and collaborate with national security agencies<ref>“About The Zambia Police Service,” official site, accessed 2025</ref>. It is led by an Inspector General of Police and structured into multiple directorates and provicial divisions handling operations, investigations, technical services, and more<ref>Wikipedia: Zambia Police Service (structure section)</ref>.


!Rank
== See also ==
!Insignia
* [[Police ranks in Zambia]]
|-
* [[Ministry of Home Affairs]]
|Constable
* [[Inspector General of Police]]
| rowspan="13" |[[File:Zambia_Police_Insignia.png]]
|-
|Sergeant
|-
|Inspector
|-
|Chief Inspector
|-
|Assistant Superintendent
|-
|Superintendent
|-
|Senior Superintendent
|-
|Assistant Commissioner
|-
|Senior Assistant Commissioner
|-
|Deputy Commissioner
|-
|Commissioner
|-
|Deputy Inspector General
|-
|Inspector General
|}
Source
[http://www.uniforminsignia.org/?option=com_insigniasearch&Itemid=53&result=2483 International encyclopedia of uniform Insignia]


== Commissioners and Inspectors- General ==
== References ==
;Commissioners of Police
<references>
* Mr. [[Lawson Hicks]] - 1964-1965
<ref name="list">Wikipedia contributors, “Zambia Police Service,” *Wikipedia*, accessed 2025.</ref>
* Mr. [[Michael Mataka]]  – 1965—1970
<ref name="mataka">Wikipedia contributors, “Michael Mataka,” *Wikipedia*, accessed 2025.</ref>
* Mr. [[Fabiano Chela]] – 1970—1973
<ref name="iglist">Wikipedia contributors, “Inspector General of Police (Zambia),” *Wikipedia*, accessed 2025.</ref>
<ref>“About The Zambia Police Service,” official ZPS website, accessed 2025.</ref>
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, “Zambia Police Service,” *Wikipedia*, accessed 2025 (structure section).</ref>
</references>


;Inspectors-General
[[Category:Law enforcement in Zambia]]
 
[[Category:Zambia Police Service]]
* Mr. [[Fabiano Chela]] – (1973—1978)
[[Category:Government agencies of Zambia]]
* Mr. [[Chrispin Katukula]]  – (1978—1979)
* Mr. [[Fabiano Chela]] – (1979—1983)
*  Mr. [[Hebert Mapili]]  – (1983 —1985)
* Mr. [[Henry Mtonga]]  – (1985—1989)
* Mr. [[Joshua Konayuma]] - (1989—1990)
* Mr. [[Zunga Siakalima]] – (1990—1991)
* Mr. [[Darius Kalebo]]  – (1991—1994)
* Mr. [[Francis Ndlovu]] – (1994—2000)
* Mr. [[Silas Ngangula]] – (2000—2002)
* Mr. [[Francis Musonda]] – (2002—2003)
* Mr. [[Zunga Siakalima]]  – (2003—2006)
* Mr. [[Ephraim Mateyo]] – (2006—2008)
* Mr. [[Francis Kabonde]] – (2008—2011)
* Dr. [[Martin Malama]]  – (2011—2012)
* Ms. [[Stella Libongani]] – (2012—2016)
* Mr. [[Kakoma Kanganja]] – (2016—date)
 
==Societal Impact==
 
Zambian police units do not perform at the level of a U.S. police force in terms of capability, responsiveness, discipline, or professionalism. The Zambia Police Service is almost solely a reactive force and demonstrates rather poor proactive law enforcement techniques and initiative to deter or investigate crime. Police often lack equipment, resources, training, and personnel to respond to calls for assistance or other emergencies. Police response times can be long, if they respond at all. Police often cite a lack of adequate transportation as an excuse for slow/no response.  
 
Most crimes go unreported and/or uninvestigated. The police have a poor record of solving serious crimes. According to Zambia Police crime statistics for the third quarter of 2019, the nationwide arrest rate from crimes averages 50%.
 
Inadequate legislation and investigation results in the lack of prosecution or large numbers of acquittals. Corruption occurs at all levels, resulting in an ineffective legal and justice system. Vigilantism is present as a result.
 
Low pay and morale create an environment in which bribes of even a few dollars can make allegations or charges disappear.
 
The major law enforcement agencies are the Zambia Police Service (a nationwide police force responsible for traditional policing and investigations), Immigration, Customs, the Drug Enforcement Commission, the Anti-Corruption Commission, and the Department of National Parks and Wildlife. There is no dedicated “Border Patrol.” Border security alternates between whichever law enforcement agency may have a presence at a border post at any given time. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zambia 2020 Crime & Safety Report|url=https://www.osac.gov/Country/Zambia/Content/Detail/Report/699fecc2-0e16-430a-a00f-1867996b3e1f|access-date=2020-10-25|website=www.osac.gov|language=en}}</ref>
 
The legislative and constitutional provisions that provide for the Zambia Police Service meet the most basic requirements of the rule of law, which is defined by Carothers as a system in which the laws are public knowledge, are clear, apply to everyone equally, and uphold political and civil liberties. <ref>{{Cite web|last=ISSAfrica.org|title=Chapter 3: Policing|url=https://issafrica.org/chapter-3-policing|access-date=2020-10-24|website=ISS Africa|language=en}}</ref>
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
 
[[Category:Law enforcement agencies of Zambia]]
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