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The village is populated mostly by subsistence farmers; some of the produce is sold. There are some small shops that cate

The inhabitants of Serenje district engage in subsistence agriculture. Though the area is blessed with rich soils and thick forests,

The main economic stay of the local people here is subsistence farming and hunting. Unfortunately, close to five decades of Zambia's inde

...and other parts of Matabeleland. They number up to 300,000 and are mostly subsistence farmers. ln Zimbabwe the language of the Tonga people is called ''chitonga'

...and drought in Kawambwa District in 2008, thus hampering the activities of subsistence farmers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgRcu09PFW0|titl

...of Namwala District, engage mostly in cattle herding, fishing, hunting and subsistence farming. As a symbol of prestige, the traditional Ila do not routinely eat

The main occupation of the island is fishing and subsistence farming, with some employment provided by schools, a health centre, the Dis

...011}}</ref> and little game because of the illegal human settlements and [[subsistence]] hunting by those living in the park. Besides the various migratory specie

=== Boat use for non-commercial and subsistence use ===

...rming, fishing, cattle rearing/trading and tourism. All these, are done at subsistence level.

...of the population. The majority of Zambians are [[subsistence agriculture|subsistence farmers]], but the country is also fairly [[urbanization|urbanised]], with

...re trapped in a poverty cycle, living through unsustainable slash-and-burn subsistence farming.<ref name=ARUP/>

...eter. “Chitemene shifting cultivation : the ecological basis of a changing subsistence economy”. Copenhagen: Geography Institute, Copenhagen University, 1983.</

...e Arabs.<ref name=fleming5/><ref name=unescoslave/> The Tambuka have had a subsistence farming culture, with men in the families seeking migrant work.<ref name=em ...ic groups in this region of Africa. The Tumbuka people continue to rely on subsistence farming and migrant work to support their families.<ref name=brittumbuka/>

...ion, to the east is not navigable due to the Kafue Gorge and dam. However, subsistence fishing and recreational boating and sports fishing takes place on a 60&nbs

...commercially is actually small, and the more widespread and less intensive subsistence farming known as ''chitemene'' shifting cultivation is more to blame (respo ...three decades has forced more people back to the rural areas to carry out subsistence agriculture and fishing, which puts pressure on a greater area of wildlife

...in the absence of employment opportunities, ''[[chitemene]]'' (a form of [[subsistence]] farming) has degraded the surrounding woodlands appreciably. Nevertheless

...ps on a commercial basis in the province. Most of the people are peasant [[subsistence farmer]]s using the traditional "[[slash and burn]]" [[shifting cultivation

...w levels of formal employment, living through unsustainable slash-and-burn subsistence farming.{{sfn|Construction of 700KW}}

...t agricultural area in [[Zambia]]. As well as supporting a large number of subsistence and small-scale farmers, the flats are also a source of irrigation water fo